Analysis of Socrates in Aristhphane´s Clouds and Plato´s...

Socrates was a pompous man who believed that he was wiser than most, if not all, Athenian men of his time. He is also credited as one of the fathers of western philosophy, his own philosophy revolving around the welfare of one’s soul and reflecting on what the good life was. He was told by an oracle that he was the wisest of men and spent a great deal of time trying to prove it false, he decided that he was considered wise for accepting that he knew nothing, and never claimed to know anything that he questioned. In Plato’s text â€Å"Apology† Socrates is depicted as a man who was arrogant, hypercritical of others, and fixed on his ways no matter the consequences. He had the qualities of a man who saw no error in what he was doing because he†¦show more content†¦When Strepsiades’ lack of education was made evident by his misunderstanding of the simple topics that Socrates tried to teach him originally Socrates did not just give up on trying to educ ate him, but instead found something that he did know well and taught him more about it. Then encourages him to do some internal contemplating on his own before learning more (Clouds 637-395). This example of Socrates good character shows him not giving up on a student who was not quite cut out for learning such topics that him and the other sophists studied. Instead he seems to hope that any man, even those who weren’t meant to be educated, could learn if they so had the desire to. Although he was unable to truly teach or help Strepsiades learn the inferior argument that he wanted to learn to avoid his debts, Socrates still did try to help him understand. Even though Socrates knew that Strepsiades was not at a level where he could fully comprehend the lesson, Socrates still tried to help him get into the right mindset of thinking that would help him to solve his problems (Clouds 740-780). This led to Socrates coming to the conclusion that Strepsiades was too old, lacked th e memory, and was too set in his old ways to learn this new lesson himself. In turn Pheidippides was sent in place of his father to learn the inferior argument, and was successfully taught by Socrates this time. The way that Socrates helped, or tried to

Reaction to My Sisters Keeper Movie - 5317 Words

My Sisters Keeper by Jodi Picoult About the Book New York Times bestselling author Jodi Picoult is widely acclaimed for her keen insights into the hearts and minds of real people. Now she tells the emotionally riveting story of a family torn apart by conflicting needs and a passionate love that triumphs over human weakness. Anna is not sick, but she might as well be. By age thirteen, she has undergone countless surgeries, transfusions, and shots so that her older sister, Kate, can somehow fight the leukemia that has plagued her since childhood. The product of preimplantation genetic diagnosis, Anna was conceived as a bone marrow match for Kate — a life and a role that she has never challenged . . . until now. Like most teenagers, Anna is†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ Vanishing Acts, Atria Books (New York, NY), 2005. †¢ The Tenth Circle, Atria Books (New York, NY), 2006. 3 †¢ Nineteen Minutes, Atria Books (New York, NY), 2007. Media Adaptations: Picoults novels The Pact and Plain Truth were adapted for television and aired on the Lifetime network, 2002 and 2004. My Sisters Keeper was optioned by Fine Line Films for theatrical release. Sidelights Since her first success with Songs of the Humpback Whale in 1992, novelist Jodi Picoult has produced several other books in quick succession, often working on two books simultaneously. While she did tell an interviewer for the Allen-Unwin Web site that I moonlight as a writer. My daylight hours are spent with my three children, her writing time has become more constant since her husband chose to be a stay-at-home dad. Picoults themes center on womens issues, family, and relationships. According to Donna Seaman in Booklist, the author is a writer of high energy and conviction. Picoults second work, Harvesting the Heart, concerns Paige OToole, an Irish Catholic with some artistic talent. The product of an unhappy childhood and adolescence, Paige leaves home after hig h school and lands a job at a diner where she sketches customers. There she meets her future husband, the egocentric Nicholas Prescott, whom she eventually puts through medical school after his parents disown him. After their first child is born, Paige becomesShow MoreRelatedMy Sisters Keeper Essay1024 Words   |  5 PagesMy Sisters Keeper is the story of Anna Fitzgerald, who by the age of thirteen has undergone many blood transfusions, numerous surgeries, and multiple bone marrow transplants. â€Å"Most babies are accidents, not me. I was engineered, born to save my sister’s life.† At the beginning of the movie Anna explains that she as conceived to be a donor for her sister, Kate. Kate is a 16 year old with renal failure due to a very rare form of leukemia. 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Then, to salve her conscience over losing her temper, she would take Langston to a movie, where they sat in a segregated section of the balcony. She also took him to the public library, where he discovered the magic of reading. He loved the librarys familiar bookish smell, the long, polished tables, and helpful librarians. CuriosityRead MoreAutobilography of Zlatan Ibrahimovic116934 Words   |  468 PagesI AM ZLATAN By Zlatan Ibrahimovic as told to David Lagercrantz --------------------------------------------------------------------------- This book is dedicated to my family and friends, to those who have stood by my side, on good days and bad. I also want to dedicate it to all the kids out there, those who feel different and don t fit in. Those who are seen for the wrong reasons. It s OK to be different. Continue being yourself. 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One day when his mother was gone, Tommy’s sadistic sister made him eat 13 cookies and only gave him 1 glass of milk, despite the fact that Tommy complained bitterly about the last 5 cookies that she made him eat and begged for more milk. Although Tommy complained later to his mother, he had to admit that he liked the diet that his sister forced on him better than what his mother demanded. (a) Use black ink to draw some indiï ¬â‚¬erence curves forRead MoreStrategic Marketing Management337596 Words   |  1351 Pageseffort (with or without experimentation and the building of complex models) which enable the efficiency of alternate expenditure patterns to be predetermined and evaluated in accordance with corporate aims. See Illustration 3.1. Illustration 3.1 My biggest mistake (David Bruce) (David Bruce, 42, failed his maths ‘O’ level five times before leaving school to work for a brewery. In 1979, he came off the dole queue to open the Goose and Firkin pub in London after raising a loan against his homeRead MoreBrand Building Blocks96400 Words   |  386 PagesRonald McDonald, a consumer segment such as kids, a feeling such as having fun, a product characteristic such as service, a symbol such as the Golden Arches, a life-style such as harried, an object such as a car, or an activity such as going to a movie theater next to a McDonald s. A brand image is a set of associations, usually organized in some meaningful way. An association and an image both represent perceptions, which may or may not reflect objective reality Positioning is closely related

Which Allied Power Contributed the Most in Ww2 Free Essays

All Allied Power contributed to making the Nazis power fall by supplied men and fought with honor to defeat the Nazis. Each Country gave something which made them a major contributor in WW2. The Soviet Union lost millions of men each battle. We will write a custom essay sample on Which Allied Power Contributed the Most in Ww2 or any similar topic only for you Order Now They lost the most soldiers and civilians in WW2. United States was the largest supplier of material. They were the reason allied power had material to fight each battle. Britain gave the most navy support . Their navy contributes to blocking the Germans from supplies and helps destroy the Nazis Navy which had help defeat Germany. Every Country has an extreme amount of dedication and support to help the Allied power conquer the Nazis but in my Opinion the Soviet Union made the biggest contribution to winning WW2. In WW2 over 23 million Soviet military civilians were killed. The Battle of Stalingrad was the bloodiest battle in human history, Over 1. 5 million Russian solider and civilians died. The United States and The United Kingdom dead’s combined does not reach a million . United kingdom lost over 450,900 people and United States lost 418,500. Together they lost approximately 869,400 people. I am not saying United States and United Kingdom deaths weren’t important as Soviet Union deaths. Every death deserve honor. I just believe Soviet Union have up a massive amount of its people in WW2. Soviet Union was a big country; it had a population168, 524,000 in 1939. United States had a population of 131,028,000. United Kingdom had a population of 47,760,000. Russian lost 14. 2% of its population in WW2. You may say that not a lot but think of it this way 23,000,000 out of 168,524,000 people. That includes soldiers and civilians. You might still say that not a lot well let try this. The United States lost 418,500 people in WW2 out of 131, 028,000. That is approximately half of a million people the United States lost in the war. That is . 32 of United States population. United Kingdom lost 450,900 out of 47,760,000. that is . 94 % of the United Kingdom population. That is also another half of million people the United Kingdom lost in the world together that makes a million. Now how a million lives for 2 countries compare to 23 million lives lost one country. Think of it this way million out of 23 million, a million is 0. 04 of 23 million. A million is not even a full percent to compare to the massive loss of 23 million people. I believe everyone on the Allied Side deserve Glory for they all contribute to the defeat of Nazi army , but I believe Soviet Union gave the biggest contribution for the Allies Power . If Soviet Union solider and people didn’t sacrifice their lives and fight to defeat the Nazi, It could have been a totally different war that could of lead to a billions more deaths all over the world. How to cite Which Allied Power Contributed the Most in Ww2, Papers

Business Law for Inventory Purchasing Decisions - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theBusiness Law for Inventory Purchasing Decisions. Answer: The Directors and the Executives of Dick Smith have been accused of committing a breach of their directorial duty to exercise reasonable care after the company has suffered financial collapse in January 2016. The former directors of the Dick Smith had to face legal action 14 months after the electronics chain was put into administration. Receiver brought a legal action against the directors and executives to recover losses worth $60 million as the directors failed to exercise reasonable standard of care and skill managing the companys inventory. The company was alleged that its inventory purchasing decisions are based on maximizing rebates instead of demand of the customers which led to an increase in the redundant stock amounting to $180 million by October 2015. The excessive stock led the company write off $60 million of inventory in November 2015. The directors were accused of inflating profits artificially in the 2015 financial year, as they were recoding rebates as profit. Although the directors denied that they made the purchasing decisions based on rebates, the chief financial officer of the company admitted in court that the company did adopt a strategy to enhance the earnings from rebates. The law firm defending the directors contended that the directors have always acted diligently, consciously and exercised reasonable care while carrying out the business operation of the company. Issues in the article The issue that arises in the Dick Smiths case is that the directors have failed to exercise their statutory duty to exercise due care and diligence while carrying out the business operations of the company. Relevant laws According to Section 180 (1) of the Corporations Act (Cth) a director was required to act with reasonable care and diligence. Under general law, whether a director had committed a breach of his directorial duties is subject to the subjective assessment and depends largely on the directors own knowledge and skill (Velasco 2014). However, in Re City Equitable [1925] the rule, the court held that in order to determine whether a director has violated his directorial duties, the objective test shall be applied where the director must establish that he has exercised reasonable care and diligence and had not committed a breach of his duties. In Dick Smiths case, the directors and the executives were alleged to have failed to place adequate systems to manage the supplier rebates and inventory of the company. In ASIC v Healey [2011], the court held that the directors of the company are under statutory obligation to be able to read and comprehend the financial statements of the company instead of simply relying on the fact that the systems are in place. Further, in Daniels v Anderson [1995], the Court of Appeal held that directors must comprehend the nature of the duty that they are statutorily obligated to perform. Section 180 (1) of the Act further requires to impose an objective reasonable person test in order to determine whether the director has exhibited hid duty of care and diligence in the manner as any reasonable person would exhibit under similar circumstances. Reference List ASIC v Healey Ors [2011] FCA 717 JWS Daniels v Anderson [1995] 37 nswlr 438 Re City Equitable Fire Insurance Co [1925] Ch 407 Velasco, J., 2014. A Defense of the Corporate Law Duty of Care.

A Brief Analysis of William Blakes The Fly Essay Example

A Brief Analysis of William Blakes The Fly Paper William Blake has a very loose structure, and uses a trimester rhyme scheme. The purpose of using trimester is for the short lines to symbolize the brevity of life. The first of the five stanzas describes an innocent fly being thoughtlessly killed by a human being. The second compares a man too fly and a fly too man. The third and fourth explain how flies and humans are similar, and the fifth affirms that man is indeed like a fly. Death is repeatedly referred to as a hand. The fly is killed by being brushed away by the humans thoughtless hand. The human is killed by the blind hand of death. Blake uses the technique of Juxtaposition of the fly and the speaker. The human sees the fly as powerless, and then realizes that humans could be seen in the same manner by a higher order. He says he is fated to live his life Till some blind hand/ Shall brush my wing, comparing his death to that of the fly. The iris stanza uses the imagery of the human placed in a God-like position when he kills the fly. When the human speaking from the point of view of a human, the fly symbolizes those below the speaker In society. The theme of The Fly is mans extreme weakness in comparison to God/death/fate. The poem also uses a common theme of Flakes: innocence and experience. The fly is totally innocent and powerless. The speaker realizes that human beings are powerless In the same way, and this passes him into the realm of experience. We will write a custom essay sample on A Brief Analysis of William Blakes The Fly specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on A Brief Analysis of William Blakes The Fly specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on A Brief Analysis of William Blakes The Fly specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

WEB Duboise stance on the abolishment of womens suffrage.

WEB Duboise stance on the abolishment of womens suffrage. While studying the writings of Eric Foner, the author of "American Freedom" and one of his many quoted sources Nancy Cott, author of "The Grounding of Modern Feminism" readers are led to believe W.E.B. Dubois was an advocate supporter of the abolishment of women's suffrage. Cott believes Dubois advised Black women to rally along-side White women for the right to vote and equality amongst genders. While attempting to research Cott's source, the Crises Magazine, I was unable to find supporting material in my limited amount of time. But neither Mrs. Cott's sincerity nor her sources do I question. I do believe Dubois advised Black women to support the women's movement. However, Both Foner and Cott eliminates Dubois' main ambition and sole adherence to advising the support of African American women - Dubois believes their support will create a strong foundation to emancipate blacks in their struggle for freedom, justice, and equality as reflected in the following quote, "The White people of Philadelphia are perfectly conscious that their Negro citizens are not treated fairly in all respects...SocialDuBois, Pennsylvaniareforms move slowly and yet when Right is reinforced by calm but persistent Progress we somehow all feel that in the end it must triumph."J. Allen 2In two of WE B Dubois' books, "The Philadelphia Negro" and "The Soul of Black Folks," after a brief read through, no mention of the betterment of women neither White nor Black is mentioned. "...The Negro would have to accept white leadership, and that such leadership could not always be trusted to guide this group into self-realization and to its highest cultural possibilities," states Dubois in the "Niagra Movement." Historian William Toll, author of The Resurgence of Race: Black Social Theory from Reconstruction to Pan-African Conferences, believes Dubois called for black writers...

The scientific origin of designer babies Research Paper

The scientific origin of designer babies - Research Paper Example Ole Peter Galaasen in his article â€Å"future of designer babies† attributes the current advancements made in PGD to advancements made in molecular genetics and reproductive technology (1). The future of the designer babies in regard to the current scientific advancements seems bright. Basis of Controversies in Religion & Science: Saying that the subject of designer babies is controversial is an understatement. Even controversial scholars such as Satoshi Kanazawa have expressed their doubts over this issue. In his article â€Å"Common misconceptions about science III: Designer babies† Kanazawa states: â€Å"Even if scientists acquired perfect knowledge on the manipulations associated to the human genome, a â€Å"designer baby† requires traits comprising of heritability not less than 100% †¦seeing as the traits studied such as intelligence, personality and height fall short of the specified 100%, there is no guarantee of a perfect designer baby. Parents wil l still depend on a natural course of genetic â€Å"events† and simply put their faith on probability† (2). This shows that genetic selection from a scientific realm perspective has its huddles. Most traits parents would like to modify in their offspring such as intelligence are subject to the influence of multiple of genes. Scholars are at war with themselves in regard to the political, religious and scientific debates sparked by designer babies. Zahedi and Larijani in their article â€Å"Medical Genetic Ethics: Islamic Views and Considerations in Iran† point out that Islam as much as other religion appreciates the benefits of technological and scientific advancements. Legal and health issues aside, what do scriptures and doctrines dictate? To this question Zahedi and Larijani assert that the issue of reproduction remains a sacred one. All scientific advancements in regard to reproduction are subject to rigorous religious scrutiny (1). They point out social and medical ethical issues such as fairness of use of genetic information acquired for medical trials (50). They further indicate the fear of the current medical trials aimed at the betterment of human life’s turning hazardous. In particular, they mention cloning stating â€Å"Cloning is subject to substantial prohibition due to the majority of Muslim reference decrees† (51). Kunich, an avid supporter of cloning, makes reference to religious decrees as superstition used to instigate fear: â€Å"Bad facts make bad law! If there ever was a classic example of this it is the human cloning turmoil, in which science and fact so often overwhelmed by superstition and fear† (137). Kunich reflects upon the negative debates against cloning and to extent designer babies as offensive ideas. He argues that laws against cloning do not derive from facts but rather on unsupported

Working in a Diverse Work Environment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Working in a Diverse Work Environment - Essay Example Working in a diversified work environment has many advantages both to the employees and to the organization. A diverse workforce is beneficial to the organization and to the country as a whole since it increases the rate of economic growth. The sustainability of the human capital in any organization is enriched by the involvement of different races, women, nonages and even homosexuals in the work force. Each individual despite their characteristic has at least one factor that other people do not have and this small factor could be what the company is lacking for its success. People should not be judged by their sexuality, beliefs or race when being recruited into the job environment if the company has to realize this unique benefit. This benefits overflows to the economic growth of the country since the more revenue will be collected from the profits of the company. The involvement of all kinds of people in the workforce also leads to growth in the GDP(Cope and Kalantzis,2013, p.17). Bringing together people from different races, cultures and regions leads to more effectiveness in marketing of the products. Consumers find it easy to purchase a product just because it has a close relationship with them. The Avis Company in Australia experienced increased number of women customers because of employing women drivers. Diversification of the work force creates a market situation where each customer has a reason to get associated with company or their products and thus sales are increased.

Performance of ITV1 Through the Firms Strategic Analysis Research Paper

Performance of ITV1 Through the Firms Strategic Analysis - Research Paper Example A SWOT analysis is commonly used for the evaluation of a firm’s strategic decisions, both in regard to its internal and external environment. In the context of the SWOT analysis, four different aspects of the organization’s environment are explored: ‘a) strengths, b) weaknesses, c) opportunities and d) threats’. The first two categories refer to the internal organizational environment, while the last two are related to the firm’s external environment (Griffin 2011, p.68). Similar approaches have been used in order to explain the necessity of SWOT analysis as a tool for the strategic analysis of modern firms. According to Griffin (2011), the SWOT analysis is a valuable theoretical framework at the level that it emphasizes on both the firm’s internal and external environment, offering a clear view of the firm’s capabilities and challenges. Moreover, Hill and Jones (2009) note that the SWOT analysis proposes specific actions that a firm sh ould take in order to improve its performance: ‘to identify opportunities, to evaluate the threats, to emphasize on its strengths and to eliminate, as possible, its weaknesses’. In regard to the value of SWOT analysis, Henry (2008) notes that the particular framework can be more effective ‘in the context of a competitive environment than in a general environment’ (Henry 2008, p.61). It is implied that in non-competitive business environments the SWOT analysis could not be easily developed since no market pressures would exist, a fact that would minimize the value of certain of the elements of SWOT analysis.

The Musculoskeletal Injury Health And Social Care Essay

The Musculoskeletal Injury Health And Social Care Essay Work related musculoskeletal disorders are a group of painful disorders of muscles, tendons, and nerves. Work activities, which are frequent and repetitive, or activities with awkward postures cause their disorders, which may be painful during, work or rest. People working in the IT sector may experience various musculoskeletal disorders. Around the world it has been shown that about 20 million people were experiencing various musculoskeletal discomforts every year. Literatures state there was a strong association between the long working hours and the musculoskeletal discomfort. Various studies has postulated that work related musculoskeletal disorders are very common in sedentary people, but no study has briefed about the prevalence of WRMSD in office workers and the soft ware professionals. The purpose of the study is to find out the prevalence of various msk disorders in software professionals. Descriptive study design, which includes 300 software professionals with not less than 1 year of work experience were selected. A self reported questionnaire was given to all the participants and asked them to fill it up. The data were later analyzed and evaluated for analysis. The study result shows the Low back pain ranks first in the WRMSD and followed by Neck pain. 1. Introduction Work related musculoskeletal injury is an injury that results from a single instantaneous exposure or multiple or prolonged exposure to the work environment leading to death, lost work time, medical treatments, work restriction, or transfer to another job. Work related musculoskeletal disorders are aggravated by work that can affects the upper limb, low back area and the lower limbs. WMSD can be defined as impairments of bodily structures such as muscles, joints, tendons, nerves and bones. The risk of male workers suffering from an MSD is 1.3 times higher than the risk to female workers: 35/100,000 compared to 27/100,000. In terms of (self-reported) work-related MSD complaints, the risk is only slightly higher among male workers (1.07 times higher). The work related musculoskeletal complains increases with age. At the age of 55 yr to 64 years the number of self reported symptoms is 1.7 times higher than the age of 25-34 yrs. Permanent disability and absenteeism is due to various musculoskeletal disorders. Computers are embodiment of modern life and being used in everyday life. IT industry reaches every facet of society. It is a Boom to the world, but long term, uninterrupted computer usage stresses the musculoskeletal system, vision and emotional equilibrium. Sitting in awkward positions or using wrong unfitted chairs in front of the computer for a longer duration may lead to chronic debilities such as stiffness, headache, and back ache. Muscle and tendons become inflamed due to prolonged period of sitting in front of the computers. Soft ware professionals use excessive force to operate key boards, keeping wrist and hand in wrong positions, undesirable work place environment repeated stress to the joints which may lead to various musculoskeletal disorders. Such micro trauma may end up in macro trauma which cause increased sickness, work absenteeism, and decreased job satisfaction. Physical factors, psychological factors and organizational factors as well as individual factors are all thought to affect the workers musculoskeletal health. Musculoskeletal complains in neck and back are very common in computer professionals and shows increasing trends. Prevalence of these musculoskeletal disorders during recent years leads to sickness absenteeism. The symptoms of the work related musculoskeletal injuries include pain, discomfort, tingling and numbness without evidence of any pathology. Human body was designed to adapt various physical stress, but repeated stress in an awkward posture potentially end up with various musculoskeletal disorders. So far there is no literature which extensively found the prevalence of self reported musculoskeletal symptoms; this study aims to find out the prevalence of various musculoskeletal disorders in software professionals. 2. Methodology Study is a descriptive study design, the study includes 300 participants from various IT sectors. The study was carried out for a duration of 6 months from the period May 2008 to October 2008. The study includes the soft ware professionals with the age group of 25-40 years, Both sex were included, IT professionals with at least 2 yrs of work experience. Professionals with msk injuries, work time more than 40 hrs per week, and desk job workers. The study excluded subjects with neurological involvement, any recent fracture, patient with multi joint pain, fibromyalgia like symptoms, professionals with congenital abnormalities, and unwilling subjects. The study uses work analysis for computer professionals questionnaire. The questionnaire was a self reported one which was created by the researchers and the questionnaire was validated by 2 senior physiotherapists and 2 senior ergonomic consultants. The questionnaire includes Demographic data as Section 1 and musculoskeletal injury data in section 2. The survey questionnaire was distributed to every individual subject. 10 subjects per day was selected and given the questionnaire and asked them to fill up. Approximately 25-30 mins were given to fill up the questionnaire. There was a clear explanation about the questionnaire was given to the employers prior to the distribution. The employers queries were cleared up simultaneously and the filled up questionnaire was collected and assigned for analysis. After collecting the questionnaire the employers were thanked for their active participation and advised to take up treatment in the outpatient department. The study was approved by institutional ethical committee. 3. Data analysis Result Percentage analysis was done using the formula. The table I shows the Demographic data Table 1 Age group (years) 25-28 29-31 32-35 36-38 39-40 No of subjects 84 77 62 47 30 Figure 1 Table 2 shows the ratio of male female subjects who participated in the study Table 2 Age group (years) 25-28 29-31 32-35 36-38 39-40 Total Male 45 42 38 32 20 177 Female 39 35 24 15 10 123 Total 84 77 62 47 30 300 Figure 2 Table 3 shows the common areas of musculoskeletal involvement Table 3 Areas Back Neck Shoulder Wrist hand Elbow Knee Others No of subjects involved 105 82 40 30 18 10 15 Figure 3 4. Result and Discussion The demographic representations of the participants are mentioned in table 1. Age group of the participants varies from 25 yrs to 40 yrs and about 30 % from 33-34 yrs, 27% from 25-27 yrs, 20% from 25-27 yrs, and 22.5% from 25-27 yrs. The gender classification was mentioned in table2. The male participants were 177and the female participants were 123. The musculoskeletal analysis was mentioned in table 3. The table shows that Low back pain ranks first of all the musculoskeletal disorders. 35 % of participants complains of back pain where as 27% of participants complains of neck pain. 14 % complains of shoulder disorders, 10% complains of wrist problems, 6% on elbow, 3% on knee, and 5% on others. The musculoskeletal injury was analyzed in percentile values shows that Low back pain shows 66% of male suffered when compared to 34% of females, the most prone age group is 29yrs -38 yrs. Neck pain is common in males with 56% and the females with 44%. The shoulder pain was 60% and 40% in male to female comparison, Wrist pain is equal in both the groups 50% each. Elbow and knee pain were shown about 56% and 60% in males where as 44% and 40% in females. This study identifies that pain related to vertebral column is the most than the peripheral region, the observation by shah et al., 1999, found next to ocular symptoms the musculoskeletal pain symptom are most common. Giri et al., 2010, stated in his study that neck pain ranges 58% in computer professionals next to ocular symptoms. Factors which includes the work procedures, use of equipments and environment that lead to various biomechanical stress on muscles, ligaments, tendons spinal nerves and disc. Multiple causes for musculoskeletal injuries may include Repetitive activity, awkward postures and maintenance of static posture for long duration. Ferreria et al.,1997, identified in a retrospective study that musculoskeletal disorders are the most common in call centre workers. Toomingas et al., 2003, conducted a year assessment for the computer users in other professionals and found that the musculoskeletal complains was more in the professionals. There is an increase in demand of computer workers in the modern office settings and working in the poor posture may lead to various musculoskeletal disorders. Carter 1994 recommended musculoskeletal discomfort are experienced by many VDT operators in telecommunication industry and that may result in chronic disability. NIOSH , 1997 studied the epidemiological view on the work related musculoskeletal disorders and found that various body parts includes neck, shoulder , elbow , back and wrist and hand are commonest area which gets frequently involved in WMSD. The physical or task related risk factors includes repetition of force, posture, vibrations, static posture and temperature are the major causative factor for WMSD. (Mc Cauley Bush 2011). There are various hypothesis describes why the software professionals are more prone to have musculoskeletal injuries. This includes 1) Long duration of sitting in awkward postures. 2) Use of wrong body mechanics during work hours 3) Poor knowledge on working atmosphere (Unaware about the seating, chair design, chair height, monitor positioning ectà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦) 4) Life style modification 5) Excessive stress at work 6) Incorrect and inappropriate timing of food consumption 7) Shift work (affects sleep style, sleep cycle). The study was limited only to IT professionals and it includes both shift workers, no interventions were given to the participants. Individual problems was not identified, future studies may promote rehabilitation for the patients with musculoskeletal injuries. Other areas are not in considerations like eye, hearing, tension headache and stress. 5. Conclusion In this study we conclude that the musculoskeletal ailments are very common in software professionals and the most common ailment is Low back pain. Acknowledgement We thank my Chairman Padmashri Dr.G.Bakthavathsalam, Mrs.Vaijayanthi M. das, Director of Education, Mr.R.Prabhukumar, HRD manager, Prof.V.Mohan Gandhi, Chief physiotherapist, and Prof. S. Ramesh,MPT, Principal, K.G.College of Physiotherapy, for their continuous support and guidance for completion of this study, and lastly to all Staffs , Friends, Students of K.G.College of Health sciences for their valuable support for this study.

Heart of Darkness in Relation to its Title Essays -- essays research p

The Parallel meaning of the novella with its title- Heart of Darkness The title, Heart of Darkness, aptly chosen, can be very strongly linked to the novel. IT can be used to describe Joseph Conrad’s views on civilization, the individual mind and the land into which he ventures. These sum up his opinions on the bourgeoise society, uncivilized society and the faults of human nature, linking them to the land under one common theme and thus establishing the title. ‘Heart of Darkness’ can most noticeably describe Marlow’s journey into the heart of the land. A dominant symbol in the novel is of the river- the snake- â€Å"But there was in it one river especially, a mighty big river, that you could see on the map, resembling an immense snake uncoiled with its head to the sea, its body at rest curving afar over a vast country, and its tail lost in the depths of a land† (71). This river brings him into what has become a ‘dark’ place- â€Å"It had ceased to be a blank space of delightful mystery- a white patch for a boy to dream gloriously over. It had become a place of darkness† (71). As in snakes and ladders, you start at the head and go towards the tail. This leads him into evil (snake symbolism), danger (uncoiled), and deeper towards Kurtz, whom the snake has swallowed towards the tail. As he travels along, just as the snake’s body grows thinner, so do the tolerance levels of those who thin k they are civilized. First Fresleven clubs a black village chief, then a brawl breaks out, and this progresses to all-out insanity, where cannibals, primitives, Inca-like natives and, eventually, Kurtz, reside, where he loses any control he had of his life, doing anything for more ivory, and realizes this in his dying moments. Marlow again mentions headin... ...ke hell break loose. Voyage into the land increases the themes of death and chaos. However, with the trek into the heart of the land, the other two concepts significantly grow- civilization becomes more and more edacious, and the dark heart of each individual is more likely to burst free. This may very well explain how when with his aunt, Marlow is so resisting that he states that the company is totally profit-oriented. By the time he has been at the station for a period of time and reads Kurtz’s book, he actually considers his views on the inferiority of the natives. Also note how the continent ‘got to’ Fresleven, causing him to go insane. The half-hidden, negative side in each concept becomes the ‘heart of darkness,’ both relating it to the title and a very unifying theme. Bibliography Conrad, Joseph. Heart of Darkeness. New York: Chelsea House, 1987.

Kamikaze, Japan’s Suicide Gods Essay

Kamikaze is a Japanese word meaning â€Å"divine wind†. ‘Kami’ means ‘divine’ and ‘kaze’ ‘wind’. Kamikaze owes its origins to the 1274 and 1281 typhoons which wrought havoc on invasion forces from Mongolia. A Japanese World War II pilot specially trained to destroy an enemy ship by crashing on it was referred to as kamikaze. The plane to be used for such an attack, usually laden with explosives also bore the same name. Special air suicide attack units were given this name in World War II in 1944-45. The kamikaze concept originated from lower ranks officers in the field when they reported that pilots and crew were experiencing accidental crashes. Captain Motoharu first brought up the subject and led to the launch of initial investigations on the feasibility and modes of executing deliberate assaults. The Thunder Gods project was initiated soon afterwards in 1944 (Axell, 2002, p. 13) The first formal mention of kamikaze missions was in august 1944 when the Domei News Agency reported that Takeo Tagata, A flight instructor, was training pilots for suicide attacks in Taiwan. It is also claimed that the first kamikaze mission was carried out on September 13th 1944 after which the 31st Fighter Squadron of the army based on Negros Island imitated the following day. Takeshi Kosai, First Lieutenant and a sergeant, destined to crash into carriers, took off in separate fighter planes each loaded with 100 kilogram bombs. Other sources assert that the US cruiser, USS Reno CL96 was suicide bombed on October 14th 1944. It is also claimed that the commander of the 26th Air Flotilla, Captain Masafumi Arima, developed the kamikaze concept. He led 100 Yokosuka D4Y dive bombers to attack Franklin, an aircraft carrier on October 15th 1944. Arima got killed in the assault and was rewarded with the post of Admiral posthumously. Top ranking Japanese military officials embraced Arima’s example as a source of military propaganda. The attack of Suluan Island by Allied forces set off the battle of Leyte Gulf. The responsibility of destroying the Allied forces in Leyte Gulf lay with the 1st Air Fleet of the Japanese Navy. The 1st Air Fleet had the limitation of having only 40 planes: 3 Nakajima B6N Tenzan Torpedo bombers, 34 Mitsubishi zero fighters, 1 Mitsubishi G4M and 2 Yokosuka P1Y Ginga land bombers. This made the task ahead appear impossible and prompted Vice Admiral Takijiro Onishi, the 1st Air Fleet commandant to constitute the Special Attack Unit. Onishi told the 201st flying group pilots of the plan on October 19th at a meeting at Mabalacat airfield near Manila. The assault would involve crashing a zero bomber with 250 kilogram bomb and ramming it into a US carrier with a view of grounding all American carriers. The initial plan was to only involve volunteers in such attacks. Onishi lied to the pilots that their commander, Captain Sakai Yamamoto, already knew of the plan when the pilots requested for an approval from their own boss. Yamamoto was, however, in hospital after a motor vehicle accident and thus he was not privy to Onishi’s plans. The 23 pilots in attendance volunteered and hence the first anti-Allied forces suicide strikes at Leyte were executed in a few days time (Astor, 1999, 32). The impact of the kamikaze strikes was momentous, damage greater than any preceding one was inflicted on the allied forces ships. The Japanese military top officials decided to have humans man rocket-propelled bombs, an operation they called Thunder Gods. The task of designing the flying bomb was signed to the Japan Aeronautical Research Laboratory. This was to counter the problems experienced in the remote guidance of German rockets and the threat of the advancing Allied forces. The Thunder Gods project initially had 100 volunteers whose training was parallel to the construction of the pioneer 150 Ohka rocket bombs. Japan’s strategy was the stationing of Thunder Gods in Formosa and the Philippines. American submarines and carrier ships didn’t allow maneuvering south from Japan. The November 27th 1944 sinking of Shinano, Japan’s carrier ship, by Archerfish, the American submarine, proved that America had firmly held its base in the region. Shinano held the first batch of 50 Ohkas. Unryu, a Japanese carrier loaded with the next 30 Ohkas was also sunk a few weeks later while traveling to the Philippines. It then became clear that Thunder Gods project would be fail. Students were mandated to recite the oath of the Imperial Rescript on Education as a ritual after the decree was passed in 1890. The oath stated that individuals would offer themselves, including sacrificing their lives, to the state as well as protect the Imperial family. Under the oath, dying for the emperor or for Japan was honorable. The Meiji restoration saw the establishment of Shinto as a state religion. Shinto doctrines were rampant in Japan in 1944 to 1945 and they were instrumental in the promotion of nationalism. Many Japanese were of the view that to be honored at the Yasukumi shrine, which the Emperor visited twice yearly, was a great honor. Many sailors, pilots and soldiers were thus mentally prepared to die and become eirei, ‘guardian spirits’ of the country (Axel, Kase, 2002, p. 35). Books and newspapers published stories, articles and advertisements about the suicide bombers after the kamikaze strategy was adopted. A case in point is the Nippon Times October 1944 issue which ran an article with the view of aiding the recruitment of the special attack corps. The propaganda that kamikaze were enshrined at Yasukumi from publishers and exaggerated stories of the kamikaze added to the Japanese ideology that kamikaze were divine people. Peer pressure also had a hand in popularizing the kamikaze. The Japanese government also had its share in the fanning of the kamikaze spirit by falsely declaring victories (Axell, Kase, 2002, p. 38). Ancient folklore also helped in the recruitment of volunteers into the suicide missions. For instance, it was widely believed that the bonds connecting an individual to his family were similar to the ones that joined him to his nation. The Japanese so valued their close relationship with both the emperor and the nation that they were convinced that it would be useless to be Japanese if one didn’t have this links. Spiritistic ceremonies were held to bid kamikaze farewell before they departed to their assignments. The Japanese flag or the Japanese naval flag with spiritually inspirational words written on it were given to the kamikaze. The soldiers also drank sake; a-rice based alcoholic drink, before leaving. A headband with the rising sun and sennibari, a belt with a thousand stitches each made by a single woman were also among the kamikaze insignia. The kamikaze were also supposed to compose a death poem and read it. This feat borrows heavily from the samurai, a pre-industrial Japan military nobility. Samurai also composed and read a death poem before undertaking seppuku, a Japanese disembowelment ritual. It is alleged that the kamikaze pilots flew southwest over mount Kaimon. The pilots then looked back to face the mountain, said farewell to Japan and saluted the mountain. This is an indication that some spiritism was associated with the kamikaze missions (Astor, 1998, p. 47). The 1281 AD invasion of Japan by Mongols prompted the emperor to pray for divine salvation. A huge typhoon came up and drowned the enemy by sinking their ships. The typhoon was called kamikaze or the ‘divine wind’. This episode was one inspiration of the kamikaze suicide missions in World War II. The pilots had the divine mission of destroying their enemy. Suicide pilot manuals instructed pilots to obtain a high level of spiritual training, be always pure-hearted and cheerful and to maintain perfect health conditions. This instructions were found in a book ‘Transcend life and death’ which were given to each pilot. Pilots were supposed to loudly yell ‘Hissatsu’ translated ‘sink without fail’ moments before crashing into a target. Many kamikaze had the conviction that by crashing into a target, they would pay the debts they owed their friends’ families and the Emperor. The heavy sanctions imposed on Japan by the United States and Washington’s order for Japan to vacate China precipitated the Pacific war in which kamikaze were utilized (Astor, 1998, p. 54). References Astor, G. (1999). The greatest war: Americans in combat, 1944-1945. California, United States. Presidio Press, pp. 32, 47, 54 Axell, A. & Kase, H. (2002). Kamikaze: Japan’s suicide gods. London, United Kingdom. Longman Publishers, Pp. 13, 35, 38

Free Essays on Monte Carlo In Derivative Investment

Introduction to Monte Carlo method to option evaluation. Aiming to answer question â€Å"c†, this paper proposes the simulation model for pricing the European Call option. Of course, this is the type of security, for which Black-Scholes formula provides an exact answer, so there is no real need to use the simulation to price it. On the other hand, as long as we know the exact solution, it becomes possible to check the accuracy of our simulation results. In the Black-Scholes world-view, a fair value for an option is the present value of an option payoff at expiration under risk-neutral random walk for underlying asset prices. Therefore the general approach to using Monte Carlo simulation to find the price of the option is straightforward: 1. Using the risk free neasure, simulate sample paths of the underlying asset prices over the relevant time horizon 2. Evaluate the discounted cash flows of a security on each sample path. 3. Average the dicounted cash flows over sample paths.(Charnes, 2000) The European call option solved by Monte Carlo simulation relies on the following process followed by the underlying asset S: S(t +t) = S(t) Exp [( -^2/2) t+t] where S(t) denotes the value of S at time t, is a random sample from normal distribution with mean zero and standard deviation 1.0 (Hull, 2000) The following code in VBA demostrates the practical application of the Monte-Carlo algrithm (Caflisch, 2001) for the European option evaluation constructing a complete path for S using N random samples: Function MCCall(r As Double, sigma As Double, k As Double, s0 As Double, t As Double, N As Long) As Double Dim s As Double Dim discountFactor As Double Dim growthFactor As Double Dim variance As Double Dim v As Double Dim vi As Double Dim dN As Double Dim i As Long discountFactor = Exp(-r * t) gr... Free Essays on Monte Carlo In Derivative Investment Free Essays on Monte Carlo In Derivative Investment Introduction to Monte Carlo method to option evaluation. Aiming to answer question â€Å"c†, this paper proposes the simulation model for pricing the European Call option. Of course, this is the type of security, for which Black-Scholes formula provides an exact answer, so there is no real need to use the simulation to price it. On the other hand, as long as we know the exact solution, it becomes possible to check the accuracy of our simulation results. In the Black-Scholes world-view, a fair value for an option is the present value of an option payoff at expiration under risk-neutral random walk for underlying asset prices. Therefore the general approach to using Monte Carlo simulation to find the price of the option is straightforward: 1. Using the risk free neasure, simulate sample paths of the underlying asset prices over the relevant time horizon 2. Evaluate the discounted cash flows of a security on each sample path. 3. Average the dicounted cash flows over sample paths.(Charnes, 2000) The European call option solved by Monte Carlo simulation relies on the following process followed by the underlying asset S: S(t +t) = S(t) Exp [( -^2/2) t+t] where S(t) denotes the value of S at time t, is a random sample from normal distribution with mean zero and standard deviation 1.0 (Hull, 2000) The following code in VBA demostrates the practical application of the Monte-Carlo algrithm (Caflisch, 2001) for the European option evaluation constructing a complete path for S using N random samples: Function MCCall(r As Double, sigma As Double, k As Double, s0 As Double, t As Double, N As Long) As Double Dim s As Double Dim discountFactor As Double Dim growthFactor As Double Dim variance As Double Dim v As Double Dim vi As Double Dim dN As Double Dim i As Long discountFactor = Exp(-r * t) gr...

The Olympic spirit Essays

The Olympic spirit Essays The Olympic spirit Essay The Olympic spirit Essay I believe this is both a true comment and a false comment. The fact that people are brought together through sport especially like the Olympics is true. The event does bring a mass of viewers around the world through TV and other commercial use and every 4 years there always seems to be a new face in the form of a country competing with the top countries in the so called biggest sporting event in the world. With this Baron Pierre de Coubertins ideal worked then or did it? When the modern Olympics were finally realised in 1986 on the 5th of April. Baron Pierre De Coubertin has made a remarkable achievement he managed to bring 13 nations together to compete against each other in nine different sports from four of the worlds continents at a time when travel and communications were often difficult. Coubertins ideal was that athletes should be free to compete in the Olympics no matter what there creed, colour or race. This is what Coubertin wanted and achieved, he had managed to bring people together on a world stage through sport. As the Olympics began to grow bigger and stronger and more countries began to become involved and in my opinion this is where coubertins ideal becomes to evolve in a negative way. As the Olympics became more popular and more people watched, the stakes rose. It soon changed from competing to need for winning and I believe this is where the question is false. Coubertins Olympics was about the sport and bringing people together, but soon politics began to rear its head in the event, something I believe should be left out of sport all together. The 1936 Olympics is a great example of this. Also dubbed Hitlers games. This brought the most political controversy the Olympics had seen, something coubertin definitely didnt want to see. Hitler used the games as a display to show the world the strength of Nazi Germany. This was defiantely what the Olympics werent made for, taking away the whole ideal what Coubertin wanted. The games also caused segregation, Jews were excluded from selection from the German team this definitely not bringing people together. Racism was also brought about through these Olympics through the black athlete Jesse Owens who in the end became nothing short of an Olympic legend as he upset Hitler and the whole of Germany by beating the Blonde Lutz Long, this infuriating Hitler. With all these happenings, it threw coubertins ideal of bringing people together and done the complete opposite of moving people away from each other. I believe a big difference from coubertins modern Olympics and now is the change of the athletes from sportsmanship to gamesmanship. The athletes that competed in coubertins Olympics competed within the framework of the rules but most importantly intently for the spirit of the rules and in this case the Olympics. Now I see gamesmanship is now in order where the intention to compete to the limit allowed by the rules and beyond and if possible without penalty in order to win. I see this has become about due to what as I see as the main reason things have changed in Olympics and that is the rising of commercial activity in the Olympics. With the commercial side now about in Olympics the ideal has changed athletes goals have changed it now is for the money and the fame where as before this was never the case. Sponsors now have a huge place in the Olympics mostly every athlete is sporting a logo or name of some well known brand on there shorts or running suit all in the name of making money for themselves and the companies. This of course opens a wider audience with more people involved but in turn I believe this commerciality doesnt have a place in sport. Sport should belong with sport, where commercial should belong in commercial places like billboards and the papers. Coubertins ideal of bringing people together has happened but in an all negative way. The Olympic spirit seems to be put to the side, where money comes in nowadays. Drug use, cheating, poitical interference the Olympics has seen the lot.the two cs has taken over The biggest sporting even in the world controversy and commercial. People have been brought together but all in the wrong manner from what Coubertin wanted and how it used to be. In my opinion if the Olympics carry on this way the fire of the Olympic spirit will soon die out.

Policy for Accessible Electronic and Information Technology (EIT) Essay

Policy for Accessible Electronic and Information Technology (EIT) - Essay Example As defined by law, access by persons with disabilities to such technologies must be a prime consideration in procurement, development, maintenance, and use of such electronic and information technology assets by organizations. Access here is in the context of determining whether persons with disabilities are able to gain access to the information technology and electronic assets in the same degree of effectiveness and ease as those without disabilities (United States Access Board; Department of Defense) 2. EIT Resources Thar Are Covered by This EIT Policy All future procurements of electronic and information technology assets by the ABC Company shall be covered by this Accessible EIT Policy. This shall include all electronic and information technology assets that are procured on behalf of employees, contractors, and suppliers. Likewise, this Accessible EIT Policy shall apply to supplier-provided electronic and information technology assets that are to be used for all future project e ngagements, where the users of such assets include internal employees and consultants of the ABC Company(US Department of Commerce). For electronic and information technology assets prior to the adoption of this Policy, considerations of undue burden shall apply, and where no such undue burdens exist, the policy shall be to retroactively apply the provisions of this policy to such assets, reconfiguring, modifying, and enhancing such older assets as necessary to comply with the legal accessibility mandates for EIT (United States Access Board; US Department of Commerce). 3. Scope of Policy This policy shall cover policy background; legal foundation/basis for the policy formulation and promulgation; the policy details themselves; exceptions to the policies and the definition of policies to determine the nature and extent of undue burdens when they are found; Key officers in the ABC Company touched by the Accessible Policy, their roles and responsibilities; and the reference documents u sed for this Accessible EIT Policy (Office of Environmental Information) 4. EIT Policy Background There is a need for the ABC Company, as a surrogate of a federal agency and providing vital services on behalf of several federal agencies, to come up with an accessible EIT policy that complies fully with the law, and that resonates with the internal accessibility of EIT policies of the federal agencies that the ABC Company serves. As such, there is a need to formulate and promulgate an accessible EIT policy, which this draft document aims to accomplish (Office of Environmental Information) 5. Legal Basis and Authority for the EIT Policy Section 508 of the 1973 Rehabilitation Act of the United States stipulates standards for accessible electronic and information technology or EIT. As a provider of crucial services to several federal agencies in the United States, the ABC Company is bound by law to provide a comprehensive policy of accessibility for electronic and information technology (United States Access Board): Section 508 requires that when Federal agencies develop, procure, maintain, or use electronic and information technology, Federal employees with disabilities have access to and use of information and data that is comparable to the access and use by Federal employees who are not individuals with disabilities, unless an undue burden would

The Cultural, social and economic townscape of Kings Lynn Research Paper

The Cultural, social and economic townscape of Kings Lynn - Research Paper Example Business activities developed around the waterways which stretched to the land from Lynn. The town developed and occupied the space between Purfleet River to the north and Millfleet River to the south. A period of expansion started in the late 12th century in Britain with broader streets and a larger market place. This Medieval town is the second between the Gaywood River and Purfleet. Bishop’s Lynn became rich on trade within Britain and abroad. The Hanseatic League was a German business organization comprising of merchants from Northern Germany and surrounding countries around Baltic Sea. After Henry VIII dissolving the monasteries, Lynn changed the name and became Lynn Regis and then later on was called King’s Lynn which has remained a very active port in the modern era. The town has been doing well with a strong industrial tradition and revolution. It has been an international trade centre back from the 12th century. However, several changes have been noted in the town’s economy. The Gross Value Added per capita has been forecasted to be below county values from 2001 to 2007 and the gap is increasing significantly. The productivity of labour has consistently been below county value from the year 2001 to 2007. In the years 2002 and 2003 a drop in labour productivity in the town was noted. (Great Britain, 2007) 2) The agricultural sector has been greatly boosted in Eastern England especially in Norfolk. The Agri-Tech Initiative has so far invested around 1.4 million pounds in local activities. Several businesses and projects have been funded in an attempt to improve the economy of King’s Lynn town and Norfolk at large. The Foster-Clarke Company based in Norfolk deals in agriculture, both arable and livestock. The funding will help in investigating new techniques of monitoring the health of crops by combining imaging techniques and light spectrums. The research aims at helping farmers to boost

Homosexuality in China Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Homosexuality in China - Research Paper Example As a result, there is a possibility that the number of such relationships may be increasing in the country. In recognition of this fact, this paper will examine the issue of homosexuality in China. This will be done with a close reference to the short story "The Bridegroom" by Ha Jin. The story is about a strange marriage between Beina and Baowen Huang who unexpectedly proposes to her to the shock of everyone who did not expect such a handsome young man would think of marrying her despite her â€Å"stocky and stout† figure as her guardian and the narrator describes (p 472). However, as months go by in their marriage, there are no signs of her having a child. It is only after eight months that Beina’s guardian discovers that her daughter married a man with homosexual orientations without feelings for women. It is also surprising that her daughter was seemingly comfortable with this situation. From this story, we are able to discover that homosexuality was an ancient practice in China but because of various issues, the men and women involved did not come out openly with it. One of the major challenges that the gay society faced in the story by Jin is that of a legal perspective towards their sexual orientation as will be discussed below. The legal environment was not favorable for the survival of the homosexuals. It is even to the surprise of the family members of Beina when it is discovered that Baowen and his â€Å"Buddies† were meeting at night in a club (Jin 474). The fear by the men or members of the gay community in the country to come out in the open was founded on the fact that they knew that their practice had legal implications. As a matter of fact, when the inspector of police in the story breaks the news of arrest to the families of the men in the story, he talks of sentencing the men â€Å"from six months to five years...†

The Three Little Pigs. James, sit still Essay Example for Free

The Three Little Pigs. James, sit still Essay My first graders took a seat on the carpet for our first story time, and I began to read, The Three Little Pigs. James, sit still. The children looked around. Was the books title Three Little Pigs James Sit Still? They realized I was talking to one of their classmates, who was rolling on the floor. I continued, The first little pig built his house of†¦James, stop wiggling, stop touching that. What should have been a simple task of reading the book, showing the pictures and stopping to discuss each problem the pigs faced was becoming increasingly difficult. I read on, trying to ignore the disruptions. CRASH! The chair James had been rolling under had fallen over and knocked a crayon box off of my desk. The loud noise interrupted the story and the children complained, James, Miss Gigout cant even finish a page. Youre messing up the story. Miss Gigout, does he have to be in our class? James pulled the chair off himself as the crayons rained down from the desk. His face burned deep red and he began to cry. He turned his back to the class, trying to pick up the mess hed caused, and I felt his shame. A special student. In the first hour and a half of our first day of school I saw clearly that James had the classic symptoms of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). He was inattentive, lacked concentration, stared into space, was impulsive and hyper. When James mother arrived to pick him up after school, we talked about his behavior. She informed me that James had indeed been diagnosed with ADHD but was not taking any type of medication because the family just couldnt afford it. I realized that something had to be done; I couldnt ignore his behavior, hope for the best and basically let this little boy fall through the cracks for the next nine months of school. A style versus a disorder. For the next few days I researched ADHD, trying to find a solution for our problem. I read books, searched the Internet, talked with the nurse at our school and to one of our special education teachers. No one seemed to really know how to teach a student with ADHD. They knew the symptoms and what type of medication to give, but really had no advice in the area of teaching. Richard Restak asserts in The New Brain (Rodale Books, 2003) that ADD/ADHD isnt so much a disorder as it is a cognitive style. With this in mind, through much trial  and error, I found my way through the next nine months. Along the way I came up with these suggestions to keep in mind when one has a James in the classroom: 1.Set a consistent daily schedule. The most important trick I found to work was keeping James on a regular schedule. By being consistent with our class schedule, James could regulate his day. He learned to watch the clock and tell just how much longer he had to sit still while I read. He knew how much time he had left to finish his assignment and what the clear consequences were if he did not finish. I found that by setting these clear consequences and rewards for his behavior, both good and bad, there were no miscommunications and he became responsible for his actions. Any time the schedule changed, I discussed the changes with James ahead of time so he was aware some things would be different that day. 2.Limit distractions around the students work area. James desk was slightly turned away from the rest of class to cut down on distractions. I didnt move his desk completely away from the other desks; I didnt want him to feel shut out or different. When it came time to work he could turn his desk away if he felt he was having trouble concentrating. On some days he had a hard time concentrating even if his desk was turned to the wall, but sitting on the floor close to my desk or in the classroom library would help him stay on task. I also had James keep only the necessary supplies at this desk; getting up for additional supplies gave him the opportunity to take a break, walk around and get rid of a little bit of energy. Sometimes James would stand while he worked at his desk; as long as the standing wasnt distracting to anyone around him, I let him do so. 3.Explain directions at least twice and have the child repeat them. I would tell the class the directions for an assignment, retell the directions to James one-on-one, then have him repeat the directions to me. By making sure James had three opportunities to get directions, he had a better chance of finishing the task. As the year progressed and projects got more detailed, I would explain two directions first; when those steps were complete we would discuss the rest of the task. I tried to keep the directions simple, limiting them to one or two tasks at a time. 4.Give silent cues that only you and the child know. Story time seemed to be the hardest task for James. He had to sit still on the carpet with his classmates and try to focus on what I was reading. I found that by asking James to sit close to me while I read I could give him a signal – a small tap on the shoulder or a little cough – to get his attention and bring him back to concentration. Even while working, these subtle cues would call him back without letting the rest of the class know I was talking to him. 5.Limit the amount of work given at one time. Instead of giving James a worksheet with 25 addition problems, I gave him five problems at a time. Hed finish those five, then take a break to get a drink of water or walk around, then come back for five more. Sometimes not all of the problems would be finished, but at least he worked without being frustrated and I didnt have to continually remind him to get busy. 6.And most importantly, be positive! With James it was important to focus on the effort, not the end-product. Praising him for completing part of a worksheet, even though some of the answers were wrong, gave him a sense of pride and made him try even harder. As we entered May, James had learned to read, add, subtract and even write paragraphs. He went from missing recess all week due to conduct to missing five minutes of it every few weeks for an occasional outburst. Eventually the students in my class noticed a change in James behavior and wanted to be friends with him. He was happier in school and more eager to learn. He no longer felt the embarrassment of being in trouble or not being able to control his actions. I did my best to embrace James cognitive style rather than fight it. I took the time to work in a partnership with James on his concentration instead of restricting him to what works for other children, which was far more rewarding for us both.

Welfare to Work Advertisement :: Advertising Marketing

Welfare to work This advertisement claims that most people on welfare truly do not wish to be living this way. The advertisement claims that the new welfare reform laws have helped to get many people off of welfare and into jobs. With the help of companies who will employ these job-seekers, the advertisement states that million of others can do the same. People who receive welfare according to this advertisement, are not looking for a handout, but are actively seeking jobs, so they can become more self-sufficient. This advertisement implies that the public perception of welfare recipients is a negative one. Unfortunately, in our society, there is an attitude toward welfare clients because many people apparently believe, according to the Ad council, that these clients are taking money from those who work hard for it themselves, calling this a hand-out. Our society appears to believe that welfare clients wish for, and have, an easy life, free of having to work. The reality of this concept is that people on welfare are not content to just get a check. This service announcement works toward changing this close-minded suggesting that most welfare clients wish to take control of their lives. They paint a very different picture of what these clients truly wish to achieve, rather than what is apparently expected of them by the public. In addition, they try to place a human face on the problem by stating from the beginning that most people on welfare want jobs and being sympathetic but direct. Supporting their claims, the advertisement present factual evidence of the millions of people who, last year alone, worked to get themselves off of welfare and into working for a regular paycheck. These people believe that even more companies and welfare clients would benefit if everyone would open their doors to those not seeking just a handout. The most effective part of this advertisement may be its use of a common message, scratched out in order to be replaced with a more positive message. By showing the difference between perception and reality, the writers of this advertisement hope to encourage others to change their views. Their primary focus on the companies who can benefit by hiring someone off of welfare. The goal is to help change public perception and to open new doors for welfare clients, targeting companies who presently do not hire these clients. Welfare to Work Advertisement :: Advertising Marketing Welfare to work This advertisement claims that most people on welfare truly do not wish to be living this way. The advertisement claims that the new welfare reform laws have helped to get many people off of welfare and into jobs. With the help of companies who will employ these job-seekers, the advertisement states that million of others can do the same. People who receive welfare according to this advertisement, are not looking for a handout, but are actively seeking jobs, so they can become more self-sufficient. This advertisement implies that the public perception of welfare recipients is a negative one. Unfortunately, in our society, there is an attitude toward welfare clients because many people apparently believe, according to the Ad council, that these clients are taking money from those who work hard for it themselves, calling this a hand-out. Our society appears to believe that welfare clients wish for, and have, an easy life, free of having to work. The reality of this concept is that people on welfare are not content to just get a check. This service announcement works toward changing this close-minded suggesting that most welfare clients wish to take control of their lives. They paint a very different picture of what these clients truly wish to achieve, rather than what is apparently expected of them by the public. In addition, they try to place a human face on the problem by stating from the beginning that most people on welfare want jobs and being sympathetic but direct. Supporting their claims, the advertisement present factual evidence of the millions of people who, last year alone, worked to get themselves off of welfare and into working for a regular paycheck. These people believe that even more companies and welfare clients would benefit if everyone would open their doors to those not seeking just a handout. The most effective part of this advertisement may be its use of a common message, scratched out in order to be replaced with a more positive message. By showing the difference between perception and reality, the writers of this advertisement hope to encourage others to change their views. Their primary focus on the companies who can benefit by hiring someone off of welfare. The goal is to help change public perception and to open new doors for welfare clients, targeting companies who presently do not hire these clients.

Totalitarian Society As Showed Essay -- essays research papers

Totaliterainism found in Animal Farm George Orwell ¹s story, Animal Farm, is a satire of Soviet Russia. In a more general sense, however, the story traces the rise and fall of any totalitarian regime. All of the animals on Animal Farm somehow contribute to either the creation, destruction, or temporary success of the totalitarian government. The original goal of the Animal Farm society is a socialist society, but it turns bad. As the animals begin the Animal Farm society, everyone is equal. As time passes, it is realized that of all the animals, the pigs are the smartest. This is slowly the beginning of Animal Farm moving froma socialistic socoety to a totalitarian society. Snowball and Napolean are two pigs who are constantly arguing over issues; they compete for power. Snowball is a good speaker and can easily persuade people, whereas Napolean is not a very good speaker. Napolean was jealous of Snowball, and he was power hungry. One day, he had his nine enourmouis dogs chase Snowball off the farm. Now Napolean was in complete control, and he made it seem like he was putting a hardship on himself by doing so. Squealer was sent around and said,  ³I trust that every animal here appreciates the sacrifice that Comrade Napolean has made in taking this extra labor upon himself. Do not imagine, comrades, that leadership is a pleasure! ² (69) It was here that the shift to totalitarianism became rapid. Aside from the pigs and dogs on Animal Farm, the other animals were not that smart....

How is Elizabeth Bennet Presented & How Does she Change in the Novel ? Essay

Elizabeth Bennet is second eldest daughter of the Bennet sisters. Although the novel doesn’t have a specific narrator she is used more than any other character as a centre of consciousness, meaning she is the main focus of the reader’s interest. In the novel she is a heroine, however she does make a few mistakes and doesn’t have the characteristics of one. We can tell from how Mr. Bennet’s speaks of Lizzy that she is his favourite daughter, â€Å"I must throw in a good word for my little Lizzy† and when Mrs. Bennet says he will not do such a thing, that she is less good looking than Jane and not half as good-humoured as Lydia, he replies â€Å"They have none of them much to recommend them†¦ they are all silly and ignorant, like other girls; but Lizzy has something more of quickness than her sisters.† She has many witty and tantalizing conversations, where she likes to drop in her strong and independent views. When Jane is ill at Netherfield, Lizzy goes to visit her, with Jane in bed, Mr. Darcy, Mr. Bingley, Lizzy and the Bingley sisters are talking, Darcy and Bingley listing what makes up an ‘accomplished woman’ Elizabeth declares that she â€Å"never saw such capacity, and taste, and application, and elegance, as you describe, united,† implying that Darcy is far too demanding. Most of the interactions between Darcy and Elizabeth take the forms of banter or agrument, with Lizzy’s words making Darcy’s admiration towards her stronger, once he moves past his initial prejudice. She is a very playful and spirited women who enjoys to laugh at people, including herself. We are told after Darcy refuses to dance with her that, â€Å"she told the story with great spirit among her friends; for she had a lively, playful disposition, which delighted in anything ridiculous.† As I said before this is the humour that attracts Darcy. It is not only her wit that Darcy admires, for when she remarks â€Å"Mr. Darcy is all politeness† as a way of avoiding to dance with him, we can she is also hitting back at his rudeness with this sarcastic comment. Elizabeth is one of the most active and strong characters in the novel. â€Å"Elizabeth continued her walk alone †¦ springing over puddles with impatient activity and finding herself at last within view of the house, with weary ankles, dirty stockings and a face glowing with the warmth of exercise.† She walks into the huge house of Netherfield not worrying about what she looks like or what others think of her. Miss Bingley is shocked at her dirty petticoat whereas Mr. Darcy and Mr. Bingley find this vigour attractive. Chapter 36 is an essential passage as it marks the turnaround in Elizabeth’s opinion. From Elizabeth’s first aquaintance with Darcy she thought him to be a proud and disagreeable, especially when he repiled to Bingley’s comment of how Elizabeth is just as pretty as Jane with â€Å"She (Lizzy) is tolerable, but not handsome enough to tempt me†. She could never figure out why he was such good friends with Bingley as theyare the complete opersite. Although, Darcy’s ignorance and pride doesn’t change Lizzy eventually comes to see his kindness and his nobility through his actions towards his sister, towards her sisters (Jane and Lydia) as well as the way he comes to not only love her, but to respect her and see her as an equal as well. This is helped majorly by the letter she re-reads a few times until she fully understands what she thought she had sussed out, realizing that she has much less able to understand the natures of people around her than she thought, especially being prejudice towards Darcy and in favor of Wickham. As well as misreading Darcy and Wickham she also recognizes that when Darcy described her family, she at first thought it as rude but then remembers how embarressed she was by her mother, Mrs. Bennet boasting so incredible loud about Mr. Bingley and Jane that Mr. Darcy could over hear and with her sister playing too long on the piano. She understands how wrong she has been and is very humiliated, â€Å"She grew absolutely ashamed of herself †¦ How despicably have I acted †¦ till this moment I never knew my self’’

Ideas on Completing a Proposal Essay

Ideas on Completing a Proposal Essay Ideas on Completing a Proposal Essay A proposal essay is quite an interesting assignment, which often causes lots of troubles and misunderstandings. However, it is quite simple and aims to propose a certain idea, which needs to be backed with arguments. The main goal is to persuade the reader that this idea is good or bad, depending on the task you have. To get a better understanding of the assignment, you can consider yourself a seller: you need to convince a person to buy an item even it is not so necessary. If you don’t think that you have a persuasive talent or don’t possess proper writing skills, just go on reading and we assure you that you will be able to complete a proposal essay without any difficulties. Content of a proposal essay Any proposal essay has the same structure, so you only need to remember it and stick to the outline, when completing another essay: This section gives basic information on the subject and provides important issues to catch the reader’s interest. It should make the audience want to go on reading, so introduction is one of the most important parts of your essay. The last sentence needs to contain a thesis statement; This section should be very brief and clear. All you need to do is to give the reader information on the idea you want to describe. Avoid providing any details on the research itself; Action plans. This section can be considered the key one, as it aims to persuade the reader that your ideas are good. Create a separate paragraph for every evidence or action plan and write how you are going to achieve your proposal; As always, this section aims to provide readers with the summary of your proposal ideas. This section should paraphrase all you have mentioned before and encourage the reader for more research if possible. Useful tips Always pay attention to the research. Collecting valid information is crucial in persuading the reader; Use only credible sources, when backing your ideas. If you use internet forums or doubtful websites, be ready that your tutor will ask you to redo the essay; Always do a proper citing and never plagiarize someone else’s works. It is quite easy to check whether you have completed the essay on your own; Work on your writing skills. Your lexis should be full and professional, without slang or shortenings; Always try to be specific. Develop a few ideas thoroughly instead of covering a wide range of topics and subjects. When you already know how a proposal essay looks like and what tips you need to follow to create an outstanding paper, you need to think on a winning topic. If your tutor doesn’t give you any recommendations, you may feel a bit stressed, as choosing a proper topic can make up to 50% of your success. Don’t panic! We can provide you with a great solution. Proposal essay topics Can euthanasia be considered an assisted suicide? Should it be allowed or prohibited? What makes up traditional family values? Main rules you need to teach your children before it is too late; How same-sex marriages can affect birth rates? Does free speech have any limits and restrictions? What should the government do to reduce drug usage among teenagers? Reasons of violence among high school students; Can parents’ divorce influence future love life of a child? Bullying: effective measures to eliminate it; Will online games eventually replace physical activity and social interactions? How can parents help their children in choosing a career? How can parents help their children resist pressure? What one needs to know about a healthy lifestyle; Reducing dependence on fast-food: main tools; Should sex education be compulsory at schools? How the world will benefit if all countries unite? International terrorism: who is the grey cardinal? Can internet usage be safe? How to minimize the number of smoking adults? How to protect small enterprises? Can childhood obesity influence the rate of heart attacks among adults? What are the measures to prevent racism and fascistic approach? How can we become a tolerate society? Sexual abuse online: modern trend or an alarming situation? Is the modern grading system effective? How US veterans should be treated? Is it right to give all prisoners a voting right or should it be a privilege for a good behavior? Can veganism protect rights of animals? What are the ways to reduce animal abuse? Morality in media: myth or reality? What a regular citizen can do to reduce the development of global warming? How can we save ecology on daily basis? Should a foreign language be compulsory at schools? Conclusions The main goal of a proposal essay is to propose your own ideas on a certain matter, issue or event, along with convincing the reader to accept your point of view. The best way to perform such a task is to imagine yourself a salesperson, who needs to sell something. The ideas, which were mentioned above, can be a great way to choose a proper topic for your proposal essay.

What Is Personality, and Is It Predictive Of Human Behavior

What Is Personality, and Is It Predictive Of Human Behavior Personality Personality, according to Harrà © Lamb (1986, p .1), is the entirety of feature and traits, as of manners or qualities that are particular per person. Personality is all about a person’s mind-sets, dispositions, performing, opinions, and method of thoughts, perceiving, and verbal communication. Hypothesis concerning personality or individuality have been formulated and existed in the majority of traditions and all through recorded history.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on What Is Personality, and Is It Predictive Of Human Behavior? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Many people have studied personality and have come up with discoveries and explanations on the subject. For instance, Giambattista, Charles-Louis Montesquieu, and Vico Immanuel Kant all of them put forward ways of comprehending person and group differences. Others include Carl Jung, psychiatrics therapist Sigmund Freud, Ernst Kr etschmer, and Alfred Adler who presented contending personality hypothesis. Freud’s hypothesis was founded on â€Å"psychosexual drives that had the components of the id, ego, and super ego and the interplay of the conscious, sub-conscious and unconscious† (Shane, 2007, p.3) Carl Jung, his student and follower emphasized unconscious motives but de-emphasized sexuality. Instead, he advanced a typical theory that classified people as either introverts or extroverts. He claimed that individual personalities were from the unconscious, inherited memories. Later on, we still had theories brought forward by other psychologists like Gordon. W. Allport, Erik H. Erikson, and Carl R. Rogers, which were all influential. Gordon wanted to find out common ideology that could be functional to a complete category of persons. It was called personality trait theory. He discovered 4000 words that could be applied to personality traits and categorized them into three classes. These were ca rdinal, central, and secondary traits. Cardinal traits are strong dispositions that shape behaviors and experiences and develop later in life. By definition, â€Å"Central traits are dispositions that manifest to some degree in all individuals, comprising the basic repertoire of personality expressions† (Barrick Mount, 1991, p.15). Secondary personalities are dispositions that are not straight away noticeable, manifesting as a result of precise sets of conditions in a human being’s life. Later on Raymond Cattell and Hans Eysenck expanded on this theory. They reduced the list of four thousand to sixteen. Later on Eysenck reduced them to three. Skeptical psychoanalysts said this were too few and came up with five traits, which were inconclusive as they did not prove to be effective predictors of human behavior and did not shed any light onto how they developed. These traits were known as the big 5 and they are openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeable and neu roticism (Barrick Mount, 1991). Personality character is thought to be as a result of â€Å"both experience and genetic predisposition† (Harrà © Lamb, 1986, p.2). It has been severally discussed and researched to find out what influences behavior in human beings. Some strongly believe it is a particular situation while others believe it is character type.Advertising Looking for research paper on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More According to Kenrick funder (2001), personality is a predictor of personality across all situations but not at a specific time or situation, for instance, personality more accurately predicts how happy one will be over the next year than it. People choose their situations, which reflect their personality. For example, people choose where to work according to how comfortable they feel with their environment; with the best performance occurring when there is a positive matc h between the two otherwise mediocre results will be the order of the day. A type of personality refers to categories that are distinct and discontinuous (patterns of relatively enduring characteristics of behavior) whereby one is either one or the other e.g. one is either an introvert or an extrovert (Ornstein, 1993). Today, several scientists have all come up with their different personality types and model systems that classify them. Some are categorized into 4, 9, 16, and many more. This essay has categorizes personalities or individuality into four categories that is: The extroverts and the introverts The thinking and feeling types Sensitive and intuitive types Perceiving and judging types Extroverts and introverts Extroverts concentrate on the globe and acquire their power from it, are conversational and frank, evaluate their views with the rest, they make new friends with no trouble and become accustomed to a fresh assembly, they express their thoughts, are keen on new comm unity and effortlessly smash unnecessary relations. Introverts in contrast concentrate on their belief and feelings, produce their energy from within and consequently call for their own territory or region, frequently emerge as reserved, silent and thoughtful, typically they have less associates, have troubles in creating new links, and never want to work in group. They are generally very difficult to deal with and therefore this can be a predictive of their behavior (Shane, 2007). Sensitive and intuitive types Sensitive kind notice every person and are sensitive to everything around them, are realistic and lively, are reasonable and self-assured, they love enjoyments derived from physical feeling, swiftly become accustomed to whichever the circumstances and exist at this time. Intuitive or instinctive categories in contrast are more often than not â€Å"in the past or the present, rely on their inner voice, worry about the future than they do of the present, are attracted more to the theory than to the practice, often have doubts and do not like routine†( Ornstein, 1993, p.12).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on What Is Personality, and Is It Predictive Of Human Behavior? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Thinking and feeling types The thinking kind of people are keen on organizations, compositions and prototypes, renders all to rational investigation, are comparatively unfriendly and unresponsive, assess everything by mental power and true or false, have complexities discussing on feelings and do not get to the bottom of a row or squabbles. The feeling category are keen on human beings and their thoughts, effortlessly pass their personal feelings or moods to people around them, give immense concentration to love and fervor, weigh up issues by moral values and excellent or poor, they can get touchy and employ sensational exploitation and regularly give admiring comments to make ha ppy people. Perceiving and judging types The perceiving sort of people operate on impulse following the state of affairs, can initiate numerous projects at the same time with no concluding any of the project accurately. They have a preference to have liberty from responsibilities, are inquisitive and akin to a new appearance at things, work efficiency is dependent on their frame of mind, and habitually do something with no any groundwork or preparation. The judging type on the other hand does not like to leave unanswered questions, plan work ahead, and tend to finish it, do not like to change their decisions, have relative stable workability, and easily follow rules and discipline (Gross, 2010). Therefore based on the above four personality models, we see that personality is predictive of individuals’ behaviors. For instance, extroverts who are open to ideas and express their minds explains the ease with which someone can deal with these kind of people and generally well beha ved . On the other hand, introverts are directly opposite of this and are generally considered ill mannered. Individuals behavior determines whether you will interact freely with them or not and as we see, it is easy to deal with people who have personalities such as being sensitive and outgoing for instance as compared to those with opposite traits. For that reason, personality is predictive of human behavior. References Barrick, M. R., Mount, M. K. (1991). The Big Five personality dimensions and job performance: A meta-analysis. Personnel Psychology, 44, 1–26.Advertising Looking for research paper on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Gross, R.D. (2010). Psychology. The science of mind and behavior. London: Hodder Arnold. Harrà ©, R. Lamb, R. (1986). The dictionary of personality and social psychology. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press. Kenrick, D. T., Funder, D. C. (1991). The person-situation debate: Do personality traits really exist? In V. J. Derlega, B. A. Winstead, W. H. Jones, W. H. (Eds.) Personality: Contemporary Theory and Research (Chapter 6) Ornstein, R. (1993). The Roots of the Self: Unraveling the mystery of who we  are. New York, NY: Harper Collins. Shane, P. (2007). The Model of human behavior: Understanding personality.  Contemporary Theory, 2, 1-5.

Space in the Future essays

Space in the Future essays From the beginning of time humans have tried to explore and to conquer new assets. The future looks promising to this human characteristic. Humans have lived on this planet for a long time and they are destined to move onto another planet or into another galaxy. We have explored this planet and find no excitement when a family takes a vacation to Hawaii, and does that every year round. In the near future people will travel into space to explore new planets in order for humans to live and replace their vacation spots. People will, however, have to find new ways of getting to these distant dreams, and discover new means of transportation. Once these places are found and reached a number of humans will migrate into that new area and live on. In the future people will explore space with the means of new and sophisticated transportation methods in search of new areas to live and to vacation in. (TS)In the future the planet will become so overcrowded that humans will have to find new residences elsewhere but the earth. (PS)The population is growing rapidly, certain countries try to prevent that from occurring, however nothing can be done. (SS)India for example has set up a law that a family can have no more then a certain number of kids. (SS)Indias attempt to control the population growth will never be a success, for that country is not able to enforce that law. (PS)Some people like change and some think that it is bad, however the future will be a great change for all people that live on new planets, as well as on the earth. (SS)Soon people will travel into space and find new planets that humans could live on, people will move to that planet and start all over again in a new and untraditional way of life. (SS)Life on earth will be also changed for now there is twice the territory to occupy, meaning that houses and cities will become more spread out and the earth will becom e even more spread out then it ever wa ...

Business law report kamaran Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Business law report kamaran - Essay Example Rarely do individuals have sufficient bargaining power of their own. Once the terms of employment start rolling, the contractual obligations of the employee are widened by standard terms assumed by courts and employment tribunals to be implied in all employment contracts. By definition, employment contract is the accord between an employer and employee which helps to facilitate smooth relations between the two parties. The contract of employment ought to have specific contents failure to which it might be declared null and void. More often than not, an employment contract must contain: the names of employer and employee; the date when employment began; the scale, rate, and method of calculating remuneration; the pay intervals; pensions scheme details; terms and conditions of hours of work; sickness and incapacity details and entitlements; holiday entitlements; notice entitlement; the expected place of work and address of the employers; job title or brief description of the work; any collective agreements affecting the employment; any grievance and disciplinary rules applicable to the employee; and details of any work abroad lasting more than one month. The employee must be notified of there are changes on the provisions mentioned as soon as they are enacted (Vettori 2007). Companies ought to afford a legal environment that provides managers and directors with maximum protection. Today’s managers and directors are exposed to greater liabilities than insurance coverage alone can address. A manager or director ought to ensure that an organization, which is the, employer, complies with various legal tasks to its employees. These responsibilities include: paying wages; deducting wages on behalf of the government; providing paid time off for holidays; creating a conducive working environment that is devoid of discrimination and harassment; and providing a safe workplace. Managers or directors who do not carry out the duties as expected by law may be held accou ntable. In the corporate world, everything that managers and directors do is open to criticism mainly by those people their actions and decisions as being negative. Corporate governance often requires managers and directors to balance the competing interests of various company constituents. Therefore, managers and directors are required to conform to the duty of obedience; whereby, their own conduct and the corporation’s activities are applicable to specific statutes and the corporate charter. As a result, managers and directors are liable if they cause a corporate decision that is considered to be illegal. Nevertheless, the business judgment rule protects managers and directors who make knowledgeable and unbiased business decisions without any form of ill will. However, this rule does not apply at all a judgment has yet to be issued. This is often the case when the manager or director fails to act (Holland 2013). In the United Kingdom, the exchange of goods and services is g overned by contract law. Therefore, problems that are related to interpreting, assenting, and use of contracts in international transactions may be harmful to the proper running of the internal market. The conduct of business in the United Kingdom is governed by the European law which deals with the conduct and relations between nation-states and international organizations, as well as some of their relations with persons (Pace 2011). Unlike domestic law, European law generally cannot be enforced. Consequently, European courts do not have